Effects of alcohol & caffeine in athletes…..
“This study investigated the effects of ethanol consumption on recovery from traditional resistance exercise in recreationally trained individuals.”
“9 recreationally trained volunteers conducted four resistance exercise sessions and consumed a low or a high dose of ethanol 1 – 2.5 hours after exercise on two occasions.”
“Compared with those in the control, cortisol increased and the free testosterone/cortisol ratio were reduced after the high ethanol dose.”
“…the increased cortisol levels and reduced testosterone/cortisol ratio after the high ethanol dose could translate into long-term negative effects.”
A. Haugvad, et al
Ethanol Does Not Delay Muscle Recovery but Decreases Testosterone/Cortisol Ratio
Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise — Volume 46 #11 — November 2014 — page 2175
“Alcohol decreases protein synthesis and mammalian target of rapamycin-mediated signaling and blunts the anabolic response to growth factors in skeletal muscle.”
J.L. Steiner, C.H. Lang
Alcohol impairs skeletal muscle protein synthesis and mTOR signaling in a time-dependent manner following electrically stimulated muscle contraction
Journal of Applied Physiology…. Volume 117 #10…..November 2014….page 1170 – 1179
“The purpose of this project was to further elucidate the effects postexercise alcohol ingestion.”
“10 resistance-trained males and 9 resistance-trained females completed 2 identical acute heavy resistance exercise trials (6 sets of Smith machine squats) followed by ingestion of either alcohol or placebo.”
“…..alcohol ingestion seemed to only attenuate resistance exercise-induced phosphorylation of the mTORC1 signaling pathway in men.”
“This study provides evidence that alcohol should not be ingested after resistance exercise as this ingestion could potentially hamper the desired muscular adaptations to resistance exercise by reducing anabolic signaling, at least in men.”
A.A. Duplanty, et al
Effect of acute alcohol ingestion on resistance exercise–induced mTORC1 signaling in human muscle.
Journal Of Strength & Conditioning Research — Volume 31 #1, January 2017 — page 54
“The placebo effect— a change attributable only to an individual’s belief in the efficacy of a treatment— might provide a worthwhile improvement in physical performance.”
“The present study explored the placebo effect in laboratory cycling performance….”
“….a likely beneficial 2.2% increase in power associated with experimental trials in which subjects believed they had ingested caffeine. A dose-response relationship was evident in experimental trials, with subjects producing 1.4% less power than at baseline when they believed they had ingested a placebo, 1.3% more power than at baseline when they believed they had ingested 4.5 mg caffeine, and 3.1% more power than at baseline when they believed they had ingested 9.0 mg caffeine.”
“All subjects reported caffeine-related symptoms.”
“Quantitative and qualitative data suggest that placebo effects are associated with the administration of caffeine and that these effects may directly or indirectly enhance performance in well-trained cyclists.”
C.J.Beedie, et al
Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise….Volume 38 #12….December 2006….page 2159-2164
alcohol & caffeine
http://theetgtrackclub.com/do…/TheETGstopalcoholcaffeine.pdf