“Disruptions in gut microbiome are implicated in cardiometabolic disorders and other health outcomes.”
“Antibiotics are known gut microbiome disruptors, but their long-term consequences remain underexplored. Here we combined individual-level data from the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register with fecal metagenomes of 14,979 adults to examine the association between oral antibiotic use over 8 years and gut microbiome.”
“…..antibiotic use <1 year before fecal sampling was associated with the greatest reduction in species diversity, but significant associations were also observed for use 1–4 and 4–8 years earlier.”
“Use of these antibiotics 4–8 years earlier was associated with altered abundance of 10–15% of the species studied……”
“Similar results were found comparing one antibiotic course 4–8 years before sampling versus none in the past 8 years.”
“These findings indicate that antibiotics may have long-lasting consequences for the gut microbiome.”
G. Baldanzi, et al
Antibiotic use and gut microbiome composition links from individual-level prescription data of 14,979 individuals
Nature Medicine — Volume 32 #4 — April 2026 — page 1351